PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Miura, Masako
AU  - Gronthos, Stan
AU  - Zhao, Mingrui
AU  - Lu, Bai
AU  - Fisher, Larry W.
AU  - Robey, Pamela Gehron
AU  - Shi, Songtao
TI  - SHED: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth
AID  - 10.1073/pnas.0937635100
DP  - 2003 May 13
TA  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
PG  - 5807--5812
VI  - 100
IP  - 10
4099  - http://www.pnas.org/content/100/10/5807.short
4100  - http://www.pnas.org/content/100/10/5807.full
SO  - Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2003 May 13; 100
AB  - To isolate high-quality human postnatal stem cells from accessible resources is an important goal for stem-cell research. In this study we found that exfoliated human deciduous tooth contains multipotent stem cells [stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED)]. SHED were identified to be a population of highly proliferative, clonogenic cells capable of differentiating into a variety of cell types including neural cells, adipocytes, and odontoblasts. After in vivo transplantation, SHED were found to be able to induce bone formation, generate dentin, and survive in mouse brain along with expression of neural markers. Here we show that a naturally exfoliated human organ contains a population of stem cells that are completely different from previously identified stem cells. SHED are not only derived from a very accessible tissue resource but are also capable of providing enough cells for potential clinical application. Thus, exfoliated teeth may be an unexpected unique resource for stem-cell therapies including autologous stem-cell transplantation and tissue engineering. SHED,stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth;FGF,fibroblast growth factor;bFGF,basic FGF;CBFA1,core-binding factor, runt domain, α subunit 1;GAD,glutamic acid decarboxylase;MEPE,matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein;DSPP,dentin sialophosphoprotein;GFAP,glial fibrillary acidic protein;NFM,neurofilament M;NeuN,neuronal nuclei;CNPase,2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide-3′-phosphodiesterase;HA/TCP,hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate;BMSSC,bone marrow stromal stem cell;DPSC,dental pulp stem cell;ALP,alkaline phosphatase